虚拟语气的用法和表示?

虚拟语气的用法和表示?
虚拟语气的用法和表示?

虚拟语气的用法和表示?
一．条件从句虚拟语气的运用
与过去事实相反 条件从句谓语用 had done
主句谓语用 might/would/should/could/+have done
If you had worked hard,you would have easily passed the final test.
与现在事实相反 条件从句谓语用一般过去式(be动词多were)、did
主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形
If I were ten years younger,I would start all over again.
与将来事实相反 条件从句谓语用 ①一般过去式（was were did）
②Should do ,were to do
主句谓语用would/should/could/might+动词原形
If I should see/were to see/saw him tomorrow,I would invite him home.(事实是明天我见不到他)
*
1.if条件句中如果有were/should/had,可以省略If,并使用倒装语序.
e.g If I were you＝Were I you
If he had been there=Had he been there
2.对过去事实虚拟时,表示“如果当时有可能或能够”时
条件从句用：could have done
二．含蓄条件句常用介词短语：
otherwise,or,the case,with,without,but for(要不是因为)
e.g But for your advice,I would have failed.(=If you hadn’t given me advice,I would have failed.) 如果不是你的建议,我会失败的.
三．特殊句型 1.If only +主语+did/were 现在
had done 过去
did/were/could do 将来 （ 要是…就好了）
2.Wish+宾语从句,要是……就好了
① 现在不能实现：从句用一般过去时
② 将来不能实现：从句would/could/might/+V,不用should
③ 过去不能实现：从句had+过去分词或could/should/would+have done
I wish I were ten years younger.（现在的虚拟）
但愿我能年轻十岁.
I wish I could fly to the moon some day(将来的虚拟)
如果有一天我能飞到月球就好了.
I wish you had come to the lecture(过去的虚拟)
但愿你当时来听报告了.
3.would rather句型的虚拟语气
would rather+主语+过去时（与现在相反的事实）
过去完成时（与过去相反）
Eg：I’d rather we had a rest now.我希望我们现在休息一下.
4 as if/though引导的表语从句/状语从句中的虚拟语气.
as if/though+主语+过去时/过去完成时/would/could/might+do
Eg：①表语从句：The girl is giving us a vivid description of the moon it seems as if she had been to the moon many times.(事实上并未去过)
这个女孩对月球所做的逼真的描述就好像她去过月球多次似的.
②状语从句：The young man with long hair walks as if he were/was a girl.（他不是小姑娘）
留长发的那个小伙子走起路来就像个小姑娘.
5定语从句中的虚拟语气：（重点!）
It is (high /about) time +主语+过去时/should+V(should不能省)
Eg：It is high time we went to school.我们早该上学了.
四.建议要求命令型:表示此类型动词后接从句用（should）+do
Eg：My father suggests I (should) take enough sleep before examinations.
Attention:
当insist、suggest不表示建议要求时从句不用虚拟.
如：She insisted that she was right.(坚持认为)
His uncle insists that he should not in the hotel.(坚持要求)
五.It is was+ important/nessary/essential/impossible/natural/strange/suprising,etc.
+that+(should)+动词原型
Eg It is surprising /strange that you (should)not understand me!你竟然不理解我!
（辛苦整理出来自己的笔记,也算全面的了）

if+would
if i were you
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http://baike.baidu.com/view/26751.html?wtp=tt
去看吧，很详细。