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The Social Buzz
Between 4,000 and 5,000 species of bees exist in the United States.Most are solitary,but some of the more familiar species,such as the bumblebee or honeybee,live in colonies.A large colony numbers between 20,000 to 80,000 bees,and functions much like a well-run factory,with various bees being assigned different jobs.
Each colony has one queen,a mature female who is responsible for laying eggs and repopulating the colony.
Bees choose the queen from developing larvae and feed her a special sugar-rich substance called royal jelly that helps her attain her larger size.
During mating flights,the queen mates with up to 17 drones (male bees).From these matings,she has enough sperm to last her entire lifetime,and she does not mate again.
The queen lays up to 1,500 eggs per day and may live as long as three years.How many eggs might she produce in her lifetime?
Worker bees are underdeveloped females that comprise about 85% of the colony.Workers have stingers but don't sting unless provoked or threatened.Worker bees live about one month.
Wanna Dance?
Bees communicate with one another very effectively.A bee that locates a food source returns to the hive and performs a dance indicating the location,direction,distance,and type of food source.If the food source is nearby,the bee performs the "round dance."
For food sources more than 35 yards away,the worker does the "waggle dance." The bee moves her body from side to side ("waggles") as she moves forward in a straight line.She circles right,waggles,circles left,and repeats the pattern several times.The angle of the straight run from vertical is equal to the angle between the hive and the food source.
See movies of the honeybee dances.(Requires QuickTime.)
Learn to do the waggle dance.
More Links
The Arizona-Sonora Desert Museum has started the Forgotten Pollinators Campaign aimed to educate scientists,conservationists,and the public about the economic importance of pollination.The effort draws attention to some of the threats faced by bees,butterflies,bats,and moths.
Check out the Carl Hayden Bee Research Center's Internet classroom.There are numerous articles about bees and their behavior.
Young workers act as "maids" to the queen,cleaning the cells of the hive,and nursing the young larvae.
Middle-aged workers build and repair the comb,store nectar,and maintain the temperature (92-93 °F) inside the hive.
Older workers search for nectar and make the enzymes necessary to convert it to honey.
The sole purpose of the drones is to mate with the queen.They are stingerless,pampered (they are assisted out of their cells at birth),and spoiled (they don't do any work around the hive).But a drone's life isn't all that easy.They are usually forced from the colony when food runs low or when cold weather approaches.And those who mate with the queen pay with their lives.
Tales from the HIVE is the online companion to the PBS NOVA program that was broadcast in 2000.With this companion Web site,you can take a look inside a beehive.
Read the fascinating story of a Boston attorney who became captivated by bees — he now keeps 300,000 of them — in the recent Boston Globe story,"Honey of a Hobby."
Bee-ware